Analysis Of George Orwell s Down With Big Brother

April 4, 1984, is the date that he wrote at the top of a diary. Put in another way, this was when he decided to rise in revolt against the Big Brother. Though a little defiance, he aimed to keep a diary not for himself, but for the future. Moreover, his attempts were never portrayed for the sake of his ambitions toward power. He wrote down, â€Å"Down with Big Brother.† This determined, bold declaration indicates that his diary would become the repository for everyone who has rebellious thoughts like Winston since he believes â€Å"If there is hope, it lies with the proles.† Even if this consequence comes to his death by the Party, his diary can trigger people to contemplate rebellion and inspire the future in which they all have the freedom to think, write, read, and live regarding concerning their desire. Such his intelligent and introspective characteristics serve as the classic hero in 1984; however, it also entails the difficulty in easily identifying a hero as the protagonist of 1984 since his heroism barely led the rebellion to a broader extent in the literal sense of the world that the Party takes a massive control of people. The conflict, more significantly, between his daily activities and the Party’s current reality, demonstrates the struggle that eventually resulted in the demise of Winston Smith, thereby emphasizing the manipulation of free will by the Big Brother. To begin, Winston Smith is characterized as a paradox by his name. His first name represents WinstonShow MoreRelatedNineteen Eighty Four By George Orwell Essay1601 Words   |  7 PagesBook Review for Nineteen Eighty-Four by George Orwell Jason Lee December 12, 2015 SECTION A Date published June 8, 1949 City where published London, England Publisher Secker Warburg Number of pages 267 SECTION B Summary of your book (key details only...address the beginning, middle, and end of the book) Nineteen Eighty-Four takes place in the fictional nationRead MoreThe Psychoanalysis of 19841019 Words   |  5 Pages The Psychoanalysis of 1984 The social structure of George Orwell’s 1984 is based on Freud’s map of the mind and the struggles between the id, the ego and the super ego. The minds of these individuals living in this society are trained to think a certain way. Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis can be applied to Orwell’s 1984. Using Freud’s psychoanalytic approach, 1984’s main character Winston Smith is portrayed as the one who goes against the ideas of the Party. In a Freudian point of view, Winston’sRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By George Orwell1931 Words   |  8 Pagesextent that it was illegal for any literature to exist, and if found books are burned by the firemen. Similar to Bradbury’s society, 1984 by George Orwell includes a corrupt government where members of the Party are under surveillance at all hours of the day, and the worst crime committed is thinking anything different from what the central leader, Big Brother, allows members to think. In order to express their concerns for the destructive path they view society taking, the authors of both FahrenheitRead MoreEssay about The People’s Republic of China: Tyrannical Political State?1912 Words   |  8 Pageswithin societies past and present. George Orwell prophetically writes about a futuristic society in his book entitled 1984. He uses hindsight of past and present political authority to illustrate the possibility of additional states imposing oppressed control. 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In despair, or perhaps as his last expression of individual freedom, he hangs himself. Like Huxley, George Orwell creates a controlling utopian society in Nineteen Eighty-Four which degrades humanity. In this novel, the shift in civilization occurs following the Revolution, another movement that was based on economic control, (Orwell, 38). Like Brave New World, Orwell presents a highly controlled caste society. In B.N.W. the world is at peace, but in Nineteen Eighty-Four, the worldRead MoreAnalysis Of The Novel 1984 By George Orwell1205 Words   |  5 Pagesconsidered to be an action in which common ideologies imposed. The individual imposing these ideologies does not believe in keeping their opinions quiet, rather this individual lets their opinions be known to the society. This phenomenon is evident in George Orwell’s novel, 1984 in which the protagonist, Winston possesses critical features of a rebel. The rebellious personality of Winston is first introduced to the reader through his thoughtcrime’s. This trait is also distinctly seen through the doubtsRead MoreEssay on Analysis of George Orwells 19844218 Words   |  17 PagesAnalysis of George Orwells 1984 War Is Peace. Freedom Is Slavery. Ignorance Is Strength. The party slogan of Ingsoc illustrates the sense of contradiction which characterizes the novel 1984. That the book was taken by many as a condemnation of socialism would have troubled Orwell greatly, had he lived to see the aftermath of his work. 1984 was a warning against totalitarianism and state sponsored brutality driven by excess technology. Socialist idealism in 1984 had turned to a total loss ofRead MorePsychoanalysis And Marxism And 19842034 Words   |  9 Pages Psychoanalysis, Marxism, and 1984 Applying modern theoretical lenses to historic works can lead to an alternate understanding of a text - perhaps one the author did not intend. Novels, like George Orwell’s 1984, can be analyzed through multiple lenses. The strongest analysis, however, can be conducted through the lenses of Marxism and psychoanalysis. Through these complementary lenses, readers gain an understanding of social constructs (Marxism) and the effects of these constructs on human behaviorRead MoreThe s Best Known Works Are? Politics And The English Language?3044 Words   |  13 PagesTwo of George Orwell?s best known works are ?Politics and the English Language? and 1984. In ?Politics and the English Language,? he points out many of the issues with the modern writings of his time, which are still problems today. Nineteen Eighty-Four focuses on the push of totalitarian rule by the government. Orwell?s ideas have been seen before, but he is considered to have presented them in one of the best ways t hat is still influential today. The decay of society as portrayed in George Orwell

The Congressional Medal of Honour Free Essays

string(46) " of Honour recipient Captain Darrell Lindsey\." The Medal of Honour is the highest military decoration awarded by the United States government. It is given to a member of the United States armed forces who distinguishes himself â€Å"conspicuously by gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty while engaged in an action against an enemy of the United States†. Because of the nature of its criteria, the medal is often awarded posthumously. We will write a custom essay sample on The Congressional Medal of Honour or any similar topic only for you Order Now Members of all branches of the U. S. military are eligible to receive the medal, and each service has a unique design with the exception of the Marine Corps and Coast Guard, which both use the Navy’s medal. The Medal of Honour is often presented personally to the recipient or, in the case of posthumous awards, to next of kin, by the President of the United States. Due to its high status, the medal has special protection under U. S. law. The Medal of Honour is one of two military neck order awards issued by the United States Armed Forces, but is the sole neck order awarded to its members. The other is the Commander’s Degree of the Legion of Merit and is only authorized for issue to foreign dignitaries comparable to a US military chief of staff. While American service members are eligible for the Legion of Merit, they are awarded the lowest degree, â€Å"Legionnaire†, which is a standard suspended medal. The medal is frequently, albeit incorrectly, called the Congressional Medal of Honour, stemming from its award by the Department of Defence in the name of Congress. The first formal system for rewarding acts of individual gallantry by American soldiers was established by George Washington on August 7, 1782, when he created the Badge of Military Merit, designed to recognize any singularly meritorious action. This decoration is America’s first combat award and the second oldest American military decoration of any type, after the Fidelity Medallion. Although the Badge of Military Merit fell into disuse after the American Revolutionary War, the concept of a military award for individual gallantry by members of the U. S. armed forces had been established. In 1847, after the outbreak of the Mexican-American War, a Certificate of Merit was established for soldiers who distinguished themselves in action. The certificate was later granted medal status as the Certificate of Merit Medal. Early in the Civil War, a medal for individual valour was proposed by Iowa Senator James W. Grimes to Winfield Scott, the Commanding General of the United States Army. Scott did not approve the proposal, but the medal did come into use in the Navy. Public Resolution 82, containing a provision for a Navy Medal of Valour, was signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln on December 21, 1861. The medal was â€Å"to be bestowed upon such petty officers, seamen, landsmen, and Marines as shall most distinguish themselves by their gallantry and other seamanlike qualities during the present war. Secretary of the Navy Gideon Welles directed the Philadelphia Mint to design the new decoration. Shortly afterward, a resolution of similar wording was introduced on behalf of the Army and was signed into law on July 12, 1862. This measure provided for awarding a Medal of Honour, as the Navy version also came to be called to such non-commissioned officers and privates as shall most distinguish themselves by their gallantry in action, and other soldier-like qualities, during the present insurrection. The Medal of Honour has evolved in appearance since its creation in 1862. The present Army medal consists of a gold star surrounded by a wreath, topped by an eagle on a bar inscribed with the word â€Å"Valour. † The medal is attached by a hook to a light blue moire. There is a version of the medal for each branch of the U. S. armed forces: the Army, Navy and Air Force. Since the U. S. Marine Corps is administratively a part of the Department of the Navy, Marines receive the Navy medal. Before 1965, when the U. S. Air Force design was adopted, members of the U. S. Army Air Corps, U. S. Army Air Forces, and Air Force received the Army version of the medal. The Coast Guard Medal of Honour, which was distinguished from the Navy medal in 1963, has never been awarded, partly because the U. S. Coast Guard is subsumed into the U. S. Navy in time of declared war. No design yet exists for it. Only one member of the Coast Guard has received a Medal of Honour, Signalman 1st Class Douglas Munro, who was awarded the Navy version for action during the Battle of Guadalcanal. In the rare cases, 19 so far, where a service member has been awarded more than one Medal of Honour, current regulations specify that an appropriate award device be cantered on the Medal of Honour ribbon and neck medal. To indicate multiple presentations of the Medal of Honour, the U. S. Army and Air Force bestow oak leaf clusters, while the Navy Medal of Honour is worn with gold award stars. A ribbon which is the same shade of light blue as the neckband, and includes five white stars, pointed upwards, in the shape of an â€Å"M† is worn for situations other than full dress uniform. When the ribbon is worn, it is placed alone above the centre of the other ribbons. For wear with civilian clothing, a rosette is issued instead of a miniature lapel pin (which usually shows the ribbon bar). The rosette is the same shade of blue as the neck ribbon and includes white stars. The ribbon and rosette are presented at the same time as the medal. On October 23, 2003 a Medal of Honour flag was to be presented to recipients of the decoration. The flag was based on a concept by retired Army Special Forces 1SG. Bill Kendall of Jefferson, Iowa, who designed a flag to honour Medal of Honour recipient Captain Darrell Lindsey. You read "The Congressional Medal of Honour" in category "Papers" Kendall’s design of a light blue field emblazoned with thirteen white five-pointed stars was nearly identical to that of Sarah LeClerc’s of the Institute of Heraldry. LeClerc’s design, ultimately accepted as the official flag, does not include the words â€Å"Medal of Honour† and is fringed in gold. The colour of the field and the 13 white stars, arranged in the form of a three bar chevron, consisting of two chevrons of 5 stars and one chevron of 3 stars, replicate the Medal of Honour ribbon. The flag has no set proportions. The first Medal of Honour recipient to receive the official flag was Paul R. Smith. The flag was cased and presented to his family along with his medal. A special ceremony presenting this flag to 60 Medal of Honour recipients was held onboard the USS Constitution Template:WP Ships USS instances on September 30, 2006. There are two distinct protocols for awarding the Medal of Honour. The first and most common is nomination by a service member in the chain of command, followed by approval at each level of command. The other method is nomination by a member of Congress and approval by a special act of Congress. In either case, the Medal of Honour is presented by the President on behalf of the Congress. Several months after President Abraham Lincoln signed Public Resolution 82 into law on December 21, 1861, a similar resolution for the Army was passed. Six Union soldiers who hijacked the General, a Confederate locomotive were the first recipients. Raid leader James J. Andrews, a civilian hanged as a Union spy, did not receive the medal. Many Medals of Honour awarded in the 19th century were associated with saving the flag, not just for patriotic reasons, but because the flag was a primary means of battlefield communication. During the time of the Civil War, no other military award was authorized, and to many this explains why some seemingly less notable actions were recognized by the Medal of Honour during that war. The criteria for the award tightened after World War I. In the post-World War II era, many eligible recipients might instead have been awarded a Silver Star, Navy Cross or similar award. During the Civil War, Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton promised a Medal of Honour to every man in the 27th Regiment, Maine Infantry who extended his enlistment beyond the agreed upon date. Many stayed four days extra, and then were discharged. Due to confusion, Stanton awarded a Medal of Honour to all 864 men in the regiment. In 1916, a board of five Army generals convened by law to review every Army Medal of Honour awarded. The commission, led by Nelson Miles, recommended that the Army rescind 911 medals. This included the 864 medals awarded to members of the 27th Maine, 29 who served as Abraham Lincoln’s funeral guard, six civilians (including Dr Mary Edwards Walker, the only woman to have been awarded the medal), Buffalo Bill Cody, and 12 others whose awards were judged frivolous. Dr. Walker’s medal was restored posthumously by President Jimmy Carter in 1977. Cody’s award was restored in 1989. Early in the 20th century, the Navy awarded many Medals of Honour for peacetime bravery. For instance, seven sailors aboard the USS Iowa received the medal when a boiler exploded on January 25, 1904. Aboard the USS Chicago in 1901, John Henry Helms received the medal for saving Ishi Tomizi, the ship’s cook, from drowning. Even after World War I, Richard Byrd and Floyd Bennett received the medal for exploration of the North Pole. Thomas J. Ryan received it for saving a woman from the burning Grand Hotel in Yokohama, Japan following the 1923 Great Kanto earthquake. Between 1919 and 1942, the Navy issued two separate versions of the Medal of Honour, one for non-combat bravery and the other for combat-related acts. Official accounts vary, but generally the non-combat Medal of Honour was known as the Tiffany Cross, after the company that manufactured the medal. The Tiffany Cross was first issued in 1919 but was rare and unpopular, partly because it was presented both for combat and non-combat events. As a result, in 1942, the United States Navy reverted to a single Medal of Honour, awarded only for heroism. Since the beginning of World War II, the medal has been awarded for extreme bravery beyond the call of duty while engaged in action against an enemy. Arising from these criteria, approximately 60% of the medals earned during and after World War II have been awarded posthumously. Capt. William McGonagle is an exception to the enemy action rule, earning his medal during the USS Liberty incident. A 1993 study commissioned by the Army described systematic racial and religious discrimination in the criteria for awarding medals during World War II. At the time, no Medals of Honour had been awarded to black soldiers who served in World War II. After an exhaustive review of files, the study recommended that several black Distinguished Service Cross recipients be upgraded to the Medal of Honour. On January 13, 1997, President Bill Clinton awarded the medal to seven African American World War II veterans. Of these, only Vernon Baker was still alive. A similar study of Asian Americans in 1998 resulted in President Bill Clinton awarding 21 new Medals of Honour in 2000, including 20 to Japanese American members of the 442nd Regimental Combat Team, among them Senator Daniel Inouye. In 2005, President George W. Bush awarded the Medal of Honour to Jewish veteran and Holocaust survivor Tibor Rubin, whom many believed to have been overlooked because of his religion. This medal’s history stretches back into our bloody war history, it has seen its own trials and tribulations and like America is has grown and melded itself into the prestigious award that it is today. I believe the medal has been properly issued to service members and at the same time given away freely, but that does not take away from the honour and respect each recipient deserves. These recipients are text book example of perfect military stature and then some. All of them go above and beyond anyone’s expectations that even they themselves had. The most surprising thing is that all of them did these marvellous and mind blowing deeds of service at such a young military age, the same and even younger age of my own. It not only blows my mind at how they accomplish or even began to go through with what they did but they did it without an order or a self doubt, to me they got in the perfect mindset of selfless service and their one goal was to help other and complete the mission. My first pick of recipients is Private First Class Willy F. James, U. S. Army, Company G, 413th Infantry near Lippoldsberg, Germany, 7 April 1945. Private First Class Willy F. James, Jr. distinguished himself by extraordinary heroism at the risk of his own life on 7 April 1945 in the Weser River Valley, in the vicinity of Lippoldsberg, Germany. On 7 April 1945, Company G, 413th Infantry, fought its way across the Weser River in order to establish a crucial bridgehead. The company then launched a fierce attack against the town of Lippoldsberg, possession of which was vital to securing and expanding the important bridgehead. Private First Class James was first scout of the lead squad in the assault platoon. The mission of the unit was to seize and secure a group of houses on the edge of town, a foothold from which the unit could launch an attack on the rest of the town. Far out in the front, Private First Class James was the first to draw enemy fire. His platoon leader came forward to investigate, but poor visibility made it difficult for Private First Class James to point out enemy positions with any accuracy. Private First Class James volunteered to go forward to fully reconnoiter the enemy situation. Furious crossfire from enemy snipers and machine guns finally pinned down Private First Class James after he had made his way forward approximately 200 yards across open terrain. Lying in an exposed position for more than an hour, Private First Class James intrepidly observed the enemy’s positions, which were given away by the fire he was daringly drawing upon himself. Then, with utter indifference to his personal safety, in a storm of enemy small arms fire, Private First Class James made his way back more than 300 yards across open terrain under enemy observation to his platoon positions, and gave a full detailed report on the enemy disposition. The unit worked out a new plan of maneuver based on Private First Class James’s information. The gallant soldier volunteered to lead a squad in an assault on the key house in the group that formed the platoon objective. He made his way forward, leading his squad in an assault on the strongly-held enemy positions in the building and designating targets accurately and continuously as he moved along. While doing so, Private First Class James saw his platoon leader shot down by enemy snipers. Hastily designating and coolly orienting a leader in his place, Private First Class James instantly went to the aid of his platoon leader, exposing himself recklessly to the incessant enemy fire. As he was making his way across open ground, Private First Class James was killed by a burst from an enemy machine gun. Private First Class James’s extraordinarily heroic action in the face of withering enemy fire provided the disposition of enemy troops to his platoon. Inspired to the utmost by Private First Class James’s self sacrifice, the platoon sustained the momentum of the assault and successfully accomplished its mission with a minimum of casualties. Private First Class James contributed very definitely to the success of his battalion in the vitally important combat operation of establishing and expanding a bridgehead over the Weser River. His fearless, self-assigned actions far above and beyond the normal call of duty exemplify the finest traditions of the American combat soldier and reflect the highest credit upon Private First Class James and the Armed Forces of the United States. Private First Class James is a prime example of what a man should be. He ran through enemy fire, and then while in the midst of the fire still had the discipline and the bravery to observe fire positions and any other useful information that he could see from his position. On top of that he still was able to fall back to his platoon 300 meters behind him. How to cite The Congressional Medal of Honour, Papers

Cocoa Commodity Essay Example For Students

Cocoa Commodity Essay Today, West Africa is famous to the whole world for the conquest of the cocoa industry. Ivory Coast has the largest number of processing companies. However, in order to get this well-known product, special conditions are required. Not many people think about what is behind the chocolate bar. Growing cocoa trees has become one of the most common types of income for farmers in West Africa. In Ivory Coast, at the age of 10, children of farmers help in processing companies under the tight conditions. The Background The tree Cocoa has a scientific botanical name  Theobroma cacao. It was given in 1753 by the Swedish naturalist Karl Linnaeus (1707 1778), which means in Latin food of the gods. By nature, cocoa blooms almost all year round and the branches and trunks of cocoa trees are literally covered with dense, five-petal flowers of delicate pink-reddish tones, and in any season farmers can see flowers and fruits at the same time on the branches of cocoa trees. However, almost a tenth of all flowers turn into cocoa beans. The trees can reach a height of 10-15 meters, but on the plantations, they are usually pruned at a level of several meters to facilitate the collection of fruits. Each tree brings such fruits pieces 20-30 per year. And they are formed not only on the branches but also on the trunk of the tree. The hard fruits of a cocoa tree are like small melons or rugby balls. Their length is 15-30 centimeters, weight 400-500 grams. It is difficult to determine the color because as the cocoa beans ripen, it changes from green to yellow, red or orange. Each fruit contains from 20 to 30 seeds, which are laid in five rows. This is what 500 years ago called cocoa beans. So they are called today, but they have nothing to do with real beans and legumes. Cocoa seeds (they are also beans) can be round, flat, convex, with a grayish, bluish or brownish tinge. Ripe seeds roll inside the fruit with a thud. Under the good conditions, the tree gives up to 2 kilograms of cocoa beans per year. Freshly harvested cocoa beans are unsuitable for use in the manufacture of chocolate and are not suitable for any food purposes. However, it is one of the most â€Å"demanding† seeds in the world. If they are not taken care of, they lose their germination in a few days. The cocoa tree grows relatively slowly, even on the most well-groomed and carefully prepared lands, they begin to bear fruit only 305 years after planting. To achieve maximum yield trees, need 10 years and good conditions, but in general, the fruiting period can last up to 50 years. The Process of Production Cocoa is not only a commodity but also an income of 40-50 million farmers in West Africa, Latin America, and Southeast Asia. Production can hardly be called modern and advanced: 90 percent of cocoa is grown on small farms by farmers. Cocoa fruits ripen throughout the year, but the main crop is harvested twice a year: in November-January and May-July. The optimal time for harvesting is 2–3 weeks after fruit ripening. The thick shell of the fruit is opened with a sharp knife-machete (often also with a wooden hammer or two fruits against each other), the cocoa beans are manually removed, dried for 24 hours in the sun, covered in troughs or boxes, covered with banana leaves or burlap, left for 24– 48 hours and then dried in the sun for three days. Then the beans are piled up in moderately heated rooms and left for 4-6 days or placed in barrels and buried in the ground (at the same time). During such processing, they undergo fermentation, due to which they acquire brown tones of different degrees of saturation, an oily taste, and a pleasantly sweet aroma. After that, they are scattered on dry soil or mats, dried in the sun for 4–6 days, at the same time picking up spoiled or damaged ones. .u4557917b35de955c9f6cc9065a4dff5d , .u4557917b35de955c9f6cc9065a4dff5d .postImageUrl , .u4557917b35de955c9f6cc9065a4dff5d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4557917b35de955c9f6cc9065a4dff5d , .u4557917b35de955c9f6cc9065a4dff5d:hover , .u4557917b35de955c9f6cc9065a4dff5d:visited , .u4557917b35de955c9f6cc9065a4dff5d:active { border:0!important; } .u4557917b35de955c9f6cc9065a4dff5d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4557917b35de955c9f6cc9065a4dff5d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4557917b35de955c9f6cc9065a4dff5d:active , .u4557917b35de955c9f6cc9065a4dff5d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4557917b35de955c9f6cc9065a4dff5d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4557917b35de955c9f6cc9065a4dff5d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4557917b35de955c9f6cc9065a4dff5d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4557917b35de955c9f6cc9065a4dff5d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4557917b35de955c9f6cc9065a4dff5d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4557917b35de955c9f6cc9065a4dff5d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4557917b35de955c9f6cc9065a4dff5d .u4557917b35de955c9f6cc9065a4dff5d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4557917b35de955c9f6cc9065a4dff5d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Alcohol and the Liver EssayDelivery Despite the method of transportation of commodity, there are mandatory conditions for the transport of it. The container must be completely clean, as well as to avoid extraneous odors. Therefore, professional transport companies should always be responsible for the microclimate of the container. It is worth noting that commodity can be unloaded and immersed only with the help of gloves and clean clothes. Cocoa beans very easily absorb moisture and odors, that is why they are transported in special bags of jute, and the powder can be transported only in wooden containers but sometimes bags can heat up from friction, and if moisture appears, this leads to damage to the commodity. The World Market Ivory Coast is the predominant country in the cocoa industry, with a total volume of 30% of total world production. Most of the world demand for this product comes from processing companies. During 2016-2017, the global demand for chocolate confectionery products exceeded 7,450 tons, which is 10 percent more compared to 2011 figures. The demand for the chocolate industry is fueled by increased consumption in China and India. In India, consumption grew by 13 percent in 2016. 20 percent of global chocolate consumption comes from the United States. The highest chocolate consumption per capita in Switzerland is 11 kg/year of chocolate. Cocoa beans prices showed good growth, driven by declining bean revenues in the ports of Ivory Coast, as well as the end of the 2017 and 2018 season in West African countries with lower carry-overs, which seasonally contributes to price increases. The low liquidity in the Ivory Coast financial system, which is caused by the liquidation of the largest local exporter of cocoa beans, creates problems for cocoa exports at the beginning of the new 2019 season. Many economists believe that the cocoa industry balance will shift from a surplus to a shortage of supply due to a decline in the production of beans in the world and the return to the market of processing companies.